Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause of acoustic neuroma isn’t fully understood, but it may be linked to genetic factors, especially in people with Neurofibromatosis Type II (NF2), a rare inherited condition that raises the risk of tumors on the vestibulocochlear nerve. Other possible risk factors include exposure to radiation during treatment for other head or neck issues. Most cases happen randomly without any clear cause and can affect people of all ages, although they are most commonly diagnosed in adults between 30 and 60 years old.

Common Signs and Symptoms

1. Hearing Loss
   A gradual loss of hearing in one ear is often one of the first signs. This can range from mild to severe and might come with a feeling of fullness in the ear.
2. Tinnitus
   Many people with acoustic neuroma experience tinnitus, which involves ringing, buzzing, or hissing sounds in the ear. This symptom can be constant and may worsen as the tumor grows.
3. Balance Issues
   Since the vestibulocochlear nerve also helps with balance, individuals may struggle with coordination, feel unsteady, experience frequent falls, or have a spinning sensation (vertigo).
4. Facial Weakness or Numbness
   As the tumor grows larger, it can affect nearby facial nerves, leading to weakness or numbness on one side of the face. This symptom might start off subtle but can become more noticeable over time.
5. Headaches
   Ongoing headaches that feel different from regular headaches could also indicate an issue. These may happen because of increased pressure in the skull as the tumor grows.
6. Changes in Vision
   Some individuals may notice blurred or double vision if the tumor impacts areas near the optic nerve.

If you or someone you know has any of these symptoms, it's important to consult an ear, nose, and throat doctor. Early diagnosis can lead to better treatment options and outcomes.

Acoustic Neuroma Treatment Options

If diagnosed with acoustic neuroma, treatment options may include:

• Observation: For small tumors that aren't causing significant symptoms, doctors might recommend regular monitoring.
• Surgery: If the tumor is large or causing severe symptoms, surgical removal may be necessary.
• Radiation Therapy: Stereotactic radiosurgery is a non-invasive approach used to shrink or control tumor growth.

If you're experiencing any symptoms or have further questions, please reach out or schedule an appointment, and our experts will help. Our ear, nose, and throat experts at ENT Care Centers are here to assist you. We are a collaboration of four leading otolaryngology practices in Louisville, Kentucky, and Jeffersonville, Indiana—Kentuckiana ENT, Louisville Family ENT, Community ENT, and ENT Associates—dedicated to providing high-quality and compassionate care for your ear, nose, and throat needs.